Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) or preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) is a new technology to perform testing for genetic abnormalities in an embryo created using assisted reproductive technologies (ART), prior to transferring it to the uterus. The study is carried out at an early stage of embryo development, when it consists of several cells. Only those embryos that do not have the specific genetic condition that was tested for will be transplanted into the woman’s uterus.
PGD is used use when one or both parents have genetic disease. The testing is performed to determine whether it has been transmitted to the embryo.
PGS is used when parents are known or presumed to be chromosomally normal and their embryos are screened for aneuploidy (having too many or too few chromosomes).
Indication for PGD and PGS:
• Couples where at least one partner has genetic disorder;
• Couples with repeated IVF failure;
• Couples with history of recurrent pregnancy loss;
• Severe male factor infertility (for example low sperm count);
• Woman over the 35 years old and/or partner over the 45 years old.
“Clinic Your Doctors” offers the following services:
- Determination of structural chromosomal abnormalities;
- Pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS) - most frequent aneuploidy screening:
• PGS of 3 chromosomes (21, X, Y);
• PGS of 5 chromosomes (13, 18, 21, X, Y);
• PGS of 7 chromosomes (13, 16, 18, 21, 22, X, Y);
• PGS of 9 chromosomes (13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 22, X, Y).
- Determination of the number of sex chromosomes (X, Y).
The PGD and PGS start with the typical process of in vitro fertilization. This includes stimulation of the ovaries with medications; retrieval of the oocytes, their fertilization and embryo development in laboratory. Further embryo biopsy is performed - removal of the polar bodies or blastomeres from the embryo. These cells are then available for genetic testing.
PGD and PGS services are provided in collaboration with International Centre of Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg (Russia) and Chicago (USA).
